A survey is presented of lichens collected from phytosociological relevés made in the upper parts of Serra da Estrela (Portugal). A total number of 142 species has been found and listed in a table. It concerns terrestrial and epiphytic lichens from heathland (type A and B), Dwarf juniperscrub (C) and open vegetation (D). Terrestrial species are included in a description of vascular plant communities (type A up to D); epiphytic species are separately described as epiphytic communities (type 1 up to 4). Type 2 and 3 seem to be closely related to resp. Pseudevernietum furfuraceae and Parmeliopsidetum ambiguae. Main phorophytes are Erica australis, Erica arborea and Juniperus alpina. The collections are preserved in the private herbarium of Dr. A. Aptroot.