Nine species of Vulpia (Poaceae), 4 indigenous and 5 (+ 1 subspecies) adventitious, are recorded from the Netherlands. Variability in some species is discussed. Remarks are made on the recent expansion of the area of V. ciliata Dum subsp. ambigua (Le Gall) Stace & Auquier and V. fasciculata (Forsk) Samp, in western Europe. A key to the taxa is given.