Both Stachys recta and S. annua are considered adventive species in the Netherlands, and are therefore not included in the checklist of the Dutch flora.22 23 Recent records from the river valleys in the Eastern part of the country of the first species suggest that it is expanding its area into the Netherlands. Both fossile remains and (sub-)recent findings of S. annua indicate that deletion of this species from the 1990 version of the checklist is not justified.²³