Three endemic species of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae) occur in Sri Lanka. The first one, D. zeylanicum, sp. nov. was considered formerly to represent D. nectariferum, a species not occurring in Ceylon, the second one, D. pyriforme, stat. nov. was originally described as a variety of D. nectariferum, the third one, D. peerisii, sp. nov. is a giant tree of the wet, evergreen Sinharaja forest in S.W. Ceylon.