The literature on the Belarussian Odonata is summarised and a checklist of 60 spp. is provided. The record of Coenagrion mercuriale is not accepted as it probably pertains to a misidentified larva. The occurrence of the listed spp. is specified for the 6 provinces of the state. The fauna contains 3 boreal elements, Coenagrion johanssoni, Aeshna caerulea and A. crenata. 14 spp. are listed as potential additions, some of these, almost exclusively southern spp., have been recorded so close to the border that their presence in Belarus is almost certain. Belarus is expected to be a stronghold for many spp., which are threatened in western Europe,