9 spp. collected from 4 localities in the Nenetskii Autonomous District (NAD, Russia), 66°38’N-69°50’N probably represent the northernmost Odonata records in eastern Europe and the first reliable data on the odon. fauna of NAD and of the transpolar European Russia. Aeshna grandis and Leucorrhinia rubicunda are new additions to the Russian transpolar fauna. A most unusual dragonfly occurrence on an arctic isle (Dodgii Island in the Barents Sea), where Aeshna caerulea and A. juncea were discovered, is discussed in some detail.