The genus Phasmoneura is reviewed with the description of Phasmoneura janirae sp. n, (holotype 3, allotype $: Brazil: Mato Grosso, Sinop, X-1976; in MNRJ). Forcepsioneura gen. n. is established for Forcepsioneura garrisoni sp. n. (generotype and holotype 3: Brazil, Sao Paulo. Iguape, 22-IV-I995, in coll. Lencioni) and includes three previously described spp., viz. Phasmoneura ephippigera (Selys, 1886), P. ciganae Santos, 1968 and P. itatiaiae Santos, 1970. Keys and illustrations are given for all members of both genera.