Skeletal remains of sheep (Ovis aries L.) and goat ( Capra hircus L.) are difficult to separate and both species are therefore, very often categorized as ovicaprids or caprovids. However, it is to a certain extent possible to distinguish both species if the material is of good quality and not too fragmented. Most useful for identification of prehistoric remains are the characters observable at the skull, the pelvis and the limbbones, described in this paper. An Iron-Age assemblage from the western part of the Netherlands and the comparative collection from the Institute for Pre- and Protohistory in Amsterdam have been used to evaluate the utility of these characters.