An outline of the possible homologies of the calyx and corolla of the Lesser Celandine on the hand of the flower morphology of both Anemone and Hepatica, and Ranunculus is given. The possible affinities of the species are discussed. The author defends a homology of its calyx to that of Hepatica and to the involucre of Anemone, and, at the same time, a homology of its corolla to that of Ranunculus and to the nectaries in a number of other genera of Ranunculaceae. The author rejects a placing of the species in the genus Ranunculus (as R. ficaria L.) and is in favour of a placing in the genus Ficaria (F. verna Huds.). Pollenmorphological data are, more or less in accordance with this view.