Detailed information concerning the initiation and subsequent development of the integuments in representatives of the Polycarpicae appears to be at variance with the conventional carpel theory. The integuments of Lactoris fernandeziana Phil, are completely of dermal origin. The inner integument is most probably only two-layered during its earlier ontogeny, but becomes ‘secondarily’ three-layered by periclinal divisions of the cells of the inner layer. The outer integument apparently remains two cells thick.