The montane chain of eastern Australia includes at least four regions where ecological and physiographic boundaries coincide with taxonomic discontinuities in Odonata, Plecoptera and Megaloptera: the gap between the Paluma Range and Hungella (Queensland); the Carnarvon Gorge (Queensland); the southern margin of the northern tablelands of New South Wales; and the northern limit of the southern highlands, near Canberra. The taxonomic disjunctions are, in most cases, at or below the level of closely related species-pairs, and are probably the outcomes of pleistocene climatic fluctuations.