The present distribution of the 4 spp. of Petalura in Australia is examined and compared with what we know of their former spread. The degree of diminution due to human intervention is assessed and their conservation status is prioritised as P. ingentissima, the safest; — P. gigantea, threatened; •— P. Hesperia, endangered; and P. pulcherrima, awaiting rediscovery and confirmation of specific status.