S. machadoi sp.n. (holotype 6: Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 25-11-1977) and S. newtoni sp.n. (holotype 6: Brejo da Lapa, Itatiaia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 19-11-1974) are described and illustrated along with their exuviae. The exuviae of Aeschnosoma marizae Santos, Neocordulia androgynis (Sel.) and N. setifera (Hag.) are also described and illustrated for the first time. The known Santosia spp. and the neotropical corduliid larvae are keyed.