Oxychilus (Hiramia) camelinus (Bourguignat, 1852) has to be considered a natural element in the malacofauna of Israel. The statement by Riedel (1980 & 1998) that it is an introduced species, was most probably based on a misunderstanding. Natural populations of Oxychilus camelinus in Israel are confined to the extreme north: Upper Galilee and Mount Hermon. South of that region, in the hilly and mountainous regions characterized by a Mediterranean climate and vegetation, the closely related Oxychilus (Hiramia) renanianus (Pallary, 1939) occurs.